Mechanical Properties of Solids Notes-
Solids-The materials having a definite shape and volume are called solids.
Elasticity-The property of a material body by virtue of which it regains its original configuration, when the external deforming force acting on it is removed is called elasticity.
Plasticity-The property of a material body by virtue of which it does not regain its original configuration. when the external force acting on it is removed is called plasticity.
Stress-The deforming forces acting on a body per unit area of the body is called stress i.e. stress=F/A.
S.I. unit of stress is N/m²
Strain-The ratio of change in the configuration to the original configuration of the body is called strain.
Shear strain-it is defined as the angle through which a vertical face of a body is displaced when tangential force is applied on it.
Hooke's law-According to this law, within the elastic limit, stress is directly proportional to the strain .
Modulus of elasticity-It is defined as the ratio of the stress to the strain.
Types of modulus of elasticity-
1. Young's modulus of elasticity(Y) is defined as the ratio of the normal stress to the longitudnal strain.
2.Bulk modulus of elasticity (K) is defined as the ratio oof the normal stress to the volume strain.
3.Modulus of rigidity(G) is defined as the ratio of the tangentail stress to the shear strain.
Compressibility (B)-is the reciprocal of the bulk modulus of elasticity.
Poisson's ratio () is defined as the ratio of the lateral strain to the longitudinal strain.
Elastic aftter effect-The delay in regaining or recovering the original configuration by the bodies on the removal of deforming force is called elastic after effect.
Elastic fatige-The loss of strength if the material due to repeated strains on the material is called elastic fatigue.
Solids-The materials having a definite shape and volume are called solids.
Elasticity-The property of a material body by virtue of which it regains its original configuration, when the external deforming force acting on it is removed is called elasticity.
Plasticity-The property of a material body by virtue of which it does not regain its original configuration. when the external force acting on it is removed is called plasticity.
Stress-The deforming forces acting on a body per unit area of the body is called stress i.e. stress=F/A.
S.I. unit of stress is N/m²
Strain-The ratio of change in the configuration to the original configuration of the body is called strain.
Hooke's law-According to this law, within the elastic limit, stress is directly proportional to the strain .
Modulus of elasticity-It is defined as the ratio of the stress to the strain.
Types of modulus of elasticity-
1. Young's modulus of elasticity(Y) is defined as the ratio of the normal stress to the longitudnal strain.
2.Bulk modulus of elasticity (K) is defined as the ratio oof the normal stress to the volume strain.
3.Modulus of rigidity(G) is defined as the ratio of the tangentail stress to the shear strain.
Compressibility (B)-is the reciprocal of the bulk modulus of elasticity.
Poisson's ratio () is defined as the ratio of the lateral strain to the longitudinal strain.
Elastic aftter effect-The delay in regaining or recovering the original configuration by the bodies on the removal of deforming force is called elastic after effect.
Elastic fatige-The loss of strength if the material due to repeated strains on the material is called elastic fatigue.
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